Kevin Hillstrom: MineThatData

Case Study: A Marketing Plan

I ran a logistic regression equation to understand how likely multi-category buyers are to purchase again in the next year ... after controlling for purchase frequency and AOV ... analyzing twelve-month buyers. Here's the results of the Logistic Regression equation ... nerdy stuff you can ignore (though I do want to show my work).

The variable "multicat" has an Exp(B) of 1.361 ... this means that any customer that historically purchased from more than one category was 36% more likely to buy again in the future AFTER controlling for purchase frequency and AOV.

Separately, I was able to demonstrate that "multiple" is important ... whether the number is two categories or seven categories is much less important.

In a prior analysis, we demonstrated that customers are responsive for a few months following a first purchase, then are dormant, then come back at months 11/12/13 and again at 23/24/25 following a first purchase.

A marketing plan becomes obvious.

Separate email streams for first-time buyers within three months of a first purchase, attempting to generate a quick second order (preferably) within a second category.
Personalize the merchandise in email campaigns for first-time buyers to increase the probability of a second purchase (preferably) within a second category.
When a prospect visits via search, the goal is to convert the prospect to a first order and hopefully cross-shop the customer into a second item and/or second category.
When a customer reaches recency = 11/12/13/23/24/25, we ramp-up messaging and frequency.
Personalize the home page and/or landing pages to show customers what they "need" to see to maximize their future value.

Now, this requires "Beans: The Internet's Only Variety Store" to do things differently. They love to "batch and blast" their email campaigns, they send 12 catalogs per year to customers, they under-invest in social. In other words, they're like any other brand. And when you point out that somebody needs to do things differently and they are simultaneously like any other brand ... well ... the message isn't always well-received.

Which brings us to next week's post ...

Case Study: All Paths Lead to Apparel Tops

Yesterday I talked about Entertainment customers shifting dollars over time to Apparel Tops.

By the time the customer orders for the third time, 34% is in Apparel Tops, just 9% in Entertainment.

Does this happen to all categories? In this case, yeah, it happens to all categories.

Here are first order categories and migration through a third order.

Apparel Bottoms: 47% / 21% (Bottoms vs Tops) in first order, 16% / 35% in third order.

Fashion: 34% / 21% (Fashion vs Tops) in first order, 9% / 33% in third order.

Home: 47% / 19% to 18% / 32%.

Jewelry: 40% / 17% to 6% / 35%.

Workplace: 27% / 21% to 3% / 36%.

Outside: 51% / 12% to 17% / 27%.

Having Fun: 37% / 20% to 15% / 32%.

Seasonal: 34% / 19% to 7% / 31%.

Decorations: 31% / 20% to 9% / 32%.

Two interesting things happening, of course. First, customers on a first order do buy from multiple categories, with Apparel Tops being right there at the top. Second, as the customer evolves, the customer spends more and more money with Apparel Tops, less and less money with the category of a first purchase.

As a marketer, tell me how you plan on using this information to make different decisions? If the answer is "I'm not changing anything", that means something.

Tomorrow, we'll explore an email exchange discussing "doing something different" given we have knowledge of customer behavior.

Case Study: Entry Points Into A Brand And Subsequent Migration

It's so much fun to study categories ... you learn how your business actually works in ways that Spotify reporting just can't replicate.

Let's look at Category = Entertainment. I selected all first-time buyers who purchased from Entertainment in the first order, measuring how their merchandise preferences evolve as the customer advances down the customer life cycle.

Tidbit #1: If the customer purchased Entertainment in a first order, the customer only spend 33.6% of first order AOV on Entertainment. In other words, the Entertainment item was likely an add-on (Apparel Tops and Home comprised 31.3% of first order AOV).

Tidbit #2: As the customer evolves, the customer leaves Entertainment, shifting into Apparel Tops. There's not much sense to keep hounding this customer to buy Entertainment when the customer has a natural gravity toward Apparel Tops.

Every brand has gravity. If we see more examples of new buyers ultimately gravitating to Apparel Tops, we know something valuable about how to market to customers in email marketing (for instance) moving forward.

Case Study: Off-Season Purchases

We've learned that "Beans: The Internet's Only Variety Store" is heavily skewed to the November/December timeframe.

I've learned across nearly twenty years of consulting project that it's not healthy for a business to skew so heavily to Christmas. You want to offer products that customers purchase all-year. If there's a reason that subscription-centric brands are coveted by investors, there's the opposite reason that Nov/Dec businesses aren't coveted.

When I see a skewed business, I run a regression model to test the dollar contribution of Oct/Nov/Dec orders vs. orders generated during the rest of the year. For twelve-month buyers, spanning four years of purchase history and one year of "prediction", here's the simple regression equation.

1.257 + 0.079*($ Spent in Oct/Nov/Dec) + 0.095*($ Spent Jan-Sep).

In other words, dollars spent in "off months" are 20.2% more valuable than are dollars spent in Oct/Nov/Dec.

This fact supports encouraging the Merchandising Team to invest more effort into January - September.

Case Study: Simple Forecasts

If we're going to analyze the intersection of category performance and customer performance (which - FYI - is really what our businesses all come down to), we should also be able to forecast how a category is likely to evolve next year based on current customer trends.

Here's a simple forecast I put together for Apparel Tops ... the largest category that Beans manages.

I know, small numbers ... click on it for details, ok?

Categories yield Teachable Moments. Look down the "PctDmd" column. This is the percentage of annual demand likely to be derived by four customer segments.

9.4% from last year's Apparel Tops AND Other Category buyers.
6.4% from last year's Apparel Tops only customers.
4.7% from last year's Other Category buyers.
79.5% from New/Reactivated buyers this year.

In essence, the Merchant responsible for Apparel Tops is generating 80% of his/her revenue from customers who haven't purchased in the past year.

If you know that fact, how would you work with a Marketing Professional to grow Apparel Tops? Yes, you know the answer. Hint - the answer applies to most of you.

We can see the performance difference for three twelve-month buyer segments.

Category Yes, Other Yes = $5.98 in the next year.
Category Yes, Other No = $4.58 in the next year.
Category No, Other Yes = $1.44 in the next year.

If the customer didn't buy Apparel Tops last year but bought something else, the customer is worth 1/3 as much to 1/4 as much as a customer who did buy Apparel Tops last year.

Look at the demand forecast on the far right - if everything is similar to last year, the category will contract by 4.4%. No bueno.

Your Chief Merchandising Officer and Chief Financial Officer need to know what is coming ... by category. If categories are forecast to contract, inventory buys need to be adjusted accordingly.

These category analysis are darn important.